Walter Maria Förderer (1928–2006) was a Swiss architect and sculptor renowned for his neo-expressionist church designs in the 1960s. His key works, including the University of St. Gallen and the Church of St. Nicholas in Hérémence, feature exposed concrete, sculptural forms, and complex spatial arrangements. A significant figure in Brutalism, Förderer also taught at the University of Stuttgart and the Academy of Fine Arts in Karlsruhe. Below are six of his church designs that seamlessly integrate religious and secular elements.
Saint-Nicolas Church in Hérémence, Switzerland, is a striking example of brutalist modern architecture, designed by Walter Maria Förderer. Built between 1968 and 1971, it replaced an older church damaged by the 1946 earthquake. The church's bold, sculptural design, made entirely of concrete, symbolizes a connection to the nearby Grande Dixence Dam, a monumental project that impacted the village. Initially criticized, the church has since become a beloved landmark, known for its unique form and atmospheric interior. A "Sound and Light" presentation inside highlights its architectural significance, making it a must-visit for anyone in the area.
The Catholic Heiligkreuzkirche (Church of the Holy Cross) complex and its adjoining parish centre are prominently located in Chur's Masans district. Built between 1966 and 1969 by Walter M. Förderer, it stands as one of Switzerland's most significant exposed concrete religious buildings. The nave and towering structure feature a distinct, tiered design, resembling a large, expressive sculpture. The column-free, semi-circular main space opens gradually, bathed in indirect light, giving it the appearance of a rock cave.
St. Klemenz Church in Bettlach, Switzerland, designed between 1963 and 1969, is a remarkable example of his Brutalist architectural style. The church features bold, sculptural concrete forms that give the building a striking, modern appearance. Förderer’s design focuses on creating an open, spacious interior with a sense of verticality, using concrete to shape both the structure and the atmosphere. The church's distinctive angular shapes and the use of raw concrete reflect Förderer’s philosophy of blending the sacred with the modern, making St. Klemenz a significant example of 20th-century church architecture
St. John's Church in Lucerne, was built in 1967 and consecrated three years later. Known for its striking concrete architecture, it stands as a prominent example of sculpture churches. The interior is designed as a "grotto-like hollow space," offering various areas for spiritual contemplation, including meditation niches, a bronze cross, and the Pietà. Renovations with artistic additions were made in 2001. The church also features a unique organ, built by Goll, with 32 stops and a red color symbolizing the connection between earth and heaven.
St. Gallus Church in Lichtensteig sits on a hill overlooking the historic town. Construction began in 1968, following the decision to build a separate Catholic church for the community. Completed and consecrated in 1970, it stands as a striking example of Förderer’s spatial-plastic approach. The church’s design is inspired by the surrounding landscape, the varied angles of the facades and stepped roofs reflecting the hilly terrain. Inside, the use of wood contrasts with the exposed concrete exterior, with a wooden ceiling rising towards the altar, and a sculptural altar area surrounded by pews.
The Roman Catholic Church Center “Saint Konrad” in Schaffhausen, Switzerland is a bold example of Brutalist architecture. Built between 1969 and 1971, the church is a striking structure made from béton brut, reflecting Förderer’s signature style. The church's design features angular, sculptural forms that create a strong visual impact while blending harmoniously with the surrounding environment. Inside, the raw concrete creates a sense of austerity, while the space is defined by its open, communal layout, encouraging spiritual engagement. Officially opened in May 1971, Saint Konrad Church remains a notable example of mid-20th-century Swiss religious architecture.
